Electric-arc lamp.



No. 687,473. Patented Nov. 26, 1am.

I L. F. BOGIA, in.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

(Application filed bec. 31, 1900.)

(No Model.)

INVENTOR: 400/5 E EOG/AJ/ii,

WITNESSES:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS F. BOGIA, JR, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 687,473, dated November26, 1901.

Application filed December 31, 1900. Serial lid 1,596. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LoUIs F. Boom, Jr., of Philadelphia, in the State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inElectric-Arc Lamps, whereof the following is a specification, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to arc-lamps particularly adapted for embodiment ina constantpotential circuit and comprising a solenoid arranged toautomatically regulate the lamp by varying the distance of separation ofits carbons and consequent length of the are between them. As ordinarilyconstructed lamps ofthe class specified comprise a movable core for theregulating-solenoid operatively connected with the movable carbon of thelamp, which core tends to gravitate to cocentric relation with themagnetic field of the solenoid, but which is lifted to concentricrelation with said field by the magnetic stress of the latter. Duringthe operation of such an ordinary lamp the movable carbon is in aposition of unstable equilibrium, for said concentric position of thecore is that in which the least magnetic stress of the solenoid isavailable for maintaining said core in position. Consequently said coreand the carbon connected therewith are caused to re ciprocate or jump,as it is termed, if the lamp is jarred or the electric flux through thesolenoid is varied.

It is the object of my invention to provide at a low cost an efficientlamp which may be subjected to jarring and oscillation without detrimentto its operation or regulation and be therefore available in situationswhere ordinary lamps cannot be used.

To the end aforesaid my invention comprises a movable core for theregulating solenoid operatively connected with the movable carbon andcombined with resilient means to continuously maintain said movable corein eccentric relation with the magnetic field of said solenoid, it beingcharacteristic of my invention that the elements aforesaid are arrangedin stable equilibrium in the operative position of the lamp, any motionof separation of the carbons being positively opposed by a spring whichtends to thrust the carbons together, and the aforesaid tendency of thespring being positively opposed by the magnetic stress upon the movablecore in the eccentric portion of the solenoidfiel'd wherein said stressis most effective to shift the core.

My invention also comprehends certain details of constructionhereinafter more definitely specified and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a central sectional view of alamp conveniently embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an inverted planview of the movable carbonclutch, and Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view ofthe holder for the immovable carbon.

In said figures, 1 is the lamp casing or frame, in which is fixed theregulating'solenoid 2, which comprises the immovable core Beneath saidcore 3 is the movable core #2, which is conveniently fixed by the rods 5to the carbon-holder (5. Said carbon-holder 6 comprises the ring-clutch'7, hinged thereto at 8 and provided with the spring 9, tending tonormally thrust it downwardly, as shown. Between the fixed core 3 andmovable cores are springs 10, which tend to thrust the core 4 downwardlyand bring the movable carbon 11 into contact with the immovable carbon12.

It is to be understood that the relation of the parts above described issuch that the springs 10 tend to maintain the movable core 4 ineccentric relation with the magnetic field of the solenoid 2, and thevertical position of said core 4: is dependent upon the magnetic stressproduced by the current-flux in said solenoid 2, so that said core 4:and the carbon 11 are positively lifted and lowered and the are 13between the carbons 11 and 12 lengthened or shortened, in accordancewith variations in the current through said solenoid, the extent ofseparation of the carbons at any given instant being predetermined bythe resultant force of the springs 10 and the magnetic stress of thesolenoid 2 opposed thereto.

The positive terminal 14: of the lamp leads directly to the coil ofauxiliary resistancewire 15, which is wound in the spiral groove 16 uponthe spool 17, conveniently molded of porcelain or similar refractorymaterial. The lower extremity of said resistance-coil 15 is connected at18 with the solenoid-coil 2, and the latter is connected at 19 with thestationary frame member 20, which latter is provided with a flexibleconnector 21, extending to the carbon-holder 6. The top of saidcarbonholder (5 is provided with the chain 22, extending to thespring-cap 23, which is detaehably secured upon the carbon 11. Thecurrent passes from the carbon 11 to the carbon 12, which is mounted inthe holder 24, which being insulated from the frame member 25 isconnected by the wire 26 with the negative terminal 27 of the lamp.

\Vhen the lamp is out of operation, the springs being unopposed by thestress of the solenoidfield thrust the holder 6 downwardly until theclutch 7 contacts with the stud 28, which uplifts the spring 9 andreleases the clutch 7 from the carbon 11, which slides through theclutch 7 to contact with the lower carbon 12.

\Vhen the lamp is connected for operation, the core 4 is uplifted by themagnetic stress in the solenoid-field, and during the initial upwardmovement of said core the spring 9 thrusts the clutch 7 downwardly,gripping the carbon 11, and the latter is lifted, with the core 4 andcarbon-holder 6, to a position of stable equilibrium, the preciserelation of the parts being dependent upon the resultant force of thesprings 10 and the magnetic stress in the solenoid-field. As the carbonsare consumed, lengthening the are 13 and diminishing the current throughthe solenoid 2, the carbon 11, holder 6, and core 4 are positivelylowered by the springs 10 until the clutch 7, being tripped by contactwith the stud 28, takes a new grip upon the carbon and the operation isrepeated. Said stud 28 being in screw-threaded engagement with the framemember 25 and slotted at its lower extremity may be convenientlyadjusted by the operator to precisely predetermine the extent ofdownward movement of the core 4.

In the form of my invention shown the are 13 is inclosed by both theglobe 29 and the globe 30, the former being detachably secured to theframe member 25 and the latter to the removable casing l. The framemembers and are rigidly connected by the hangers 31, and thesolenoid-spool 32 is rigidly supported by the standards 33 and thecylinder 34, the latter being fixed within the immovable core 3. Saidhangers and standards are made of small diameter, so that thetransmission of heat from the arc to the body of the lamp is minimized.

It is to be noted that the carbon-holder 6 is fitted as a piston in thecylinder 34 and forms a dash-pot therewith, which arrangement of theparts serves to check any undesirable movement of the carbonholder. Asshown, the extension 35 of the immovable core 3 not only ineloses thedash-pot, but also serves to rigidly connect the various members of thelamp structure. The horizontal flange of the spool 17 serves to insulatethe terminals 14 and 27 and to maintain the easing 1 in concentricrelation with the solenoid, the recess 36 within the spool 17 beingprovided to prevent transmission of heat from the latter to the core Thehood 37 is mounted in insulated relation with the core extension 35beneath the plate 33, which is provided with the usual hanger 3!).

It is to be noted that I do not desire to limit myself to the precisedetails of construction which I have shown and described, as it isobvious that various modifications may be made therein without departingfrom the essential features of my invention.

1 claim 1. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination with the stationaryframe member 20; of the solenoid 2, in fixed relation with said framemember; the core 3, of magnetizable metal fixed within the upper portionof said solenoid 2, and terminating short of the bottom thereof; theslide-rods 5, entered in hearings in said frame member 20, and in saidcore 3; the carbon-holder 6, fixed to said rods 5, in concentricrelation with said solenoid; the core 4, fixed to said rods 5, inopposition to said core 3, and the springs 10 between said cores 2 and3, substantially as set forth.'

2. In an electric-arclamp, the combination with the stationary framemembers 20, and 25, rigidly connected by the hangers 31; of thecarbon-holder 24, rigidly supported by said frame member 25, ininsulated relation therewith; the solenoid 2, in fixed relation withsaid frame members; the movable core 4, in operative relation with saidsolenoid 2; the carbon-holder 6, carried by said core 4; the clutch 7,hinged to said carbon-holder (t; the spring 9, fixed to saidcarbon-holder (3, in operative relation with said clutch 7; and thenormally stationary stud 2S, adjustable in opposition to said clutch 7,and spring 9, substantially as set forth.

3. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination with the frame 1; of theframe members 20, and 25, rigidly connected by the hangers 31, in fixedrelation with said frame 1; the carbon holder 24, rigidly supported bysaid frame member 25, in insulated relation therewith; the cylinder 34,in fixed relation with said frame member 20; the solenoid 2, sup portedupon the frame member 20; the core 3, fixed in said solenoid, and fittedupon said cylinder 34; the core 4, opposed to said core 3, in operativerelation with the solenoid 2; springs arranged to separate said cores;and the carbon-holder 6, carried by said core 4, substantially as setforth.

4. In an electric-are lamp, the combination with the frame 1; of theframe members 20, and 25, rigidly connected in fixed relation with saidframe 1; the carbon-holder 24, rig- .idly supported-by said frame member25, in

insulated relation therewith; the cylinder 34, in fixed relation withsaid frame member 20; the solenoid 2, supported upon the frame member20; the core 3, fixed in said solenoid and fitted upon said cylinder34-; the core 4, opposed to said core 3, in operative relation with thesolenoid 2; springs arranged to separate said cores; the carbon-holder6, carried by said core 4'; the spool of refractory material 17, fittedto said core 3, and provided with the spiral groove 16; the auxiliaryresistance 15, laid in said groove 16, throughout its length; the hangerplate 38; and means arranged to detachably secure said cylinder 34, andcore 3, with respect to said plate 38, substantially as set forth.

5. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination with the frame 1; of theglobe 30, detachably secured thereto; the frame members 20, and 25,rigidly connected by the hangers 31, in fixed relation with said frame1; the globe 29, detachably secured to said frame member 25; thecarbon-holder 24, rigidly supported by said frame member 25, ininsulated relation therewith, Within said globe 29; the cylinder 34, infixed relation with said frame member 20; the standards 33, in fixedrelation With said frame member 20; the solenoid 2, supported by thestandards 33; the core 3, fixed in said solenoid and provided with theextension 35, fitted upon said cylinder 34; the core- 4, opposed to saidcore 3, inoperative relation with the solenoid 2; springs arranged toseparate said cores; the carbon-holder 6, carried by said core 4; thespool of refractory material 17, fitted to said core 3, and itsextension 35; the spiral groove 16, in said spool 17; the auxiliaryresistance 15, laid in said groove 16, throughout its length; theterminal 14, insulated in said spool 17, in electrical connection withsaid auxiliary resistance 15; the terminal 27, insulated in said spool17, in electrical connection with said carbon-holder 24; the hood 37,covering said terminals 14, and 27, in insulated relation with the coreextension35; and, the hanger-plate 38, detachably secured to said coreextension 35, and to said cylinder 34, substantially as set forth.

6. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination with the casing 1; of thesolenoid 2; the holloW cylindrical spool 17, encircling said core 3, andprovided with the spiral groove 16, exterior to said core, and anannular flange inclosing the space between said core and said casing;the coil 15, laid within said groove 16, and supported therebythroughout its length; and terminals 14, and 27, of the lampcircuit,mounted in said spool-fiange in insulated relation With said casing 1,and core 3, substantially as set forth.

7. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination with a hollow cylindricalspool of refractory material provided with an external spiral groove andan annular flange; of an auxiliary resistance laid Within said grooveand supported thereby throughout its length; and, terminals mounted insaid flange, substantially as set forth.

LOUIS F. BOGIA, JR. lVi tn esses:

ARTHUR E. PAIGE, E. L. FULLERTON.

